Which technology is used to distribute incoming requests among servers in a computer cluster?

The technology used to distribute incoming requests among servers in a computer cluster is a load balancer. A load balancer acts as an intermediary that manages and distributes network or application traffic across multiple servers. By doing so, it ensures that no single server becomes overwhelmed with excessive requests, which could lead to performance degradation or downtime. Load balancers improve the reliability and performance of applications by optimizing resource usage, increasing throughput, and minimizing response time.

Their primary function is to ensure that each request is directed to the most appropriate server based on various factors such as current server load, health status, or geographic location of the server relative to the request source. This capability is crucial for maintaining high availability and providing a seamless user experience, especially in environments where scalability and robustness are vital.

Other options, such as a hypervisor or a database, do not serve this specific function. A hypervisor is used for creating and managing virtual machines, while a database is designed for storing and retrieving data. Neither of these plays a role in traffic distribution among servers in a cluster. Therefore, the load balancer is uniquely suited for this task, which makes it the correct choice.