Which information system combines internal TPS data with external sources for reporting purposes?

The correct answer is the Executive Support System (ESS). An ESS is designed to help senior management make strategic decisions by providing easy access to both internal and external information. It aggregates data from various sources, including transaction processing systems (TPS) and external databases, enabling executives to assess and analyze trends and performance metrics. This high-level view is crucial for informed decision-making at the organizational level.

The functionality of an ESS is distinguished by its ability to present data in a concise and visual format, often through dashboards that combine different metrics. This allows executives to quickly grasp complex information without delving into the specifics of day-to-day operations, which would fall under other types of information systems.

In contrast, other systems like Decision Support Systems (DSS) focus more on assisting in specific decision-making processes, combining internal data with analytical tools rather than purely reporting. Management Information Systems (MIS) primarily provide routine reports based on internal data, while Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) are specific to healthcare and assist in patient care decisions. Thus, ESS stands out as the system that specifically combines internal TPS data with external sources to support the needs of upper management.