Which concept illustrates that one entity inherits from another entity?

The concept of specialization illustrates that one entity inherits from another entity. In a database or object-oriented design context, specialization is the process of creating subtypes from an existing entity or superclass. By specializing an entity, you extend the original entity to create one or more derived entities that have additional attributes or behaviors.

For example, if you have a general entity called "Vehicle," you could create specialized entities like "Car," "Truck," or "Motorcycle," each inheriting the common attributes of "Vehicle" while also having specific attributes of their own. This inheritance mechanism allows you to utilize the shared characteristics of the superclass while extending the functionality for specialized cases.

In contrast to specialization, generalization is the opposite concept, where you derive a higher-level entity from multiple lower-level entities. Aggregation and composition pertain to relationships between entities rather than inheritance, with aggregation representing a "whole-part" relationship and composition indicating a stronger, more dependent relationship.