What is the term for detecting and correcting incorrect data in a database?

The term for detecting and correcting incorrect data in a database is data scrubbing. This process involves identifying inaccuracies, duplicates, and inconsistencies within datasets and then cleaning or correcting them to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. Data scrubbing is crucial for maintaining reliable information in databases, which is essential for effective decision-making and analysis.

In contrast, data auditing refers to the systematic review and evaluation of data and its processes, often focusing on assessing compliance with standards rather than correcting the data itself. Defragmentation pertains to the optimization of disk storage by reorganizing fragmented data to improve access speeds, which does not involve correcting data. Data optimization generally focuses on enhancing the performance and efficiency of data processing rather than correcting data errors. Thus, data scrubbing specifically addresses the integrity of the data, making it the correct terminology for the process described in the question.