In a hierarchical organization, the upper levels consist of:

In a hierarchical organization, the upper levels primarily consist of managerial, professional, and technical employees. This blend of roles is crucial because it provides a comprehensive approach to leadership and strategy development.

Managerial employees are responsible for planning, directing, and controlling the organization’s operations. They set the vision and strategy, leading teams to meet operational goals. Professional employees, which can include specialists and subject matter experts, bring advanced knowledge and skills necessary for decision-making processes and strategic initiatives. Technical employees contribute their expertise in specific areast and often provide the necessary support and knowledge needed to implement the strategies devised by managerial staff.

This combination at the upper levels is essential for effective governance and decision-making, as it ensures that the organization not only has strong leadership but also deep competency in the relevant fields that support the overall objectives.

The other answer choices do not encompass the full spectrum of roles found at the upper levels in a hierarchical organization. They omit key components, such as managerial or technical roles, limiting the description of the upper levels' structure. The inclusion of all three categories — managerial, professional, and technical — effectively captures the layers of expertise and responsibility that define an organization’s leadership.