Changes in hardware, software, documentation, or production to a production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiencies are termed:

The term that describes changes made to a production system in order to correct errors, accommodate new requirements, or enhance processing efficiencies is known as maintenance. Maintenance is a crucial aspect of managing IT systems, as it encompasses both corrective actions to fix issues and preventive measures to avoid future problems. This can involve updating software, replacing hardware components, revising documentation, or even redesigning processes to improve overall performance.

Corrective maintenance addresses specific issues that have already been identified, while adaptive maintenance implements changes to meet evolving user needs or regulatory standards. Additionally, preventive maintenance aims to enhance system performance and longevity through regular updates and optimizations.

By understanding that maintenance is integral to the ongoing effectiveness of IT systems, it becomes evident why this term best fits the description given in the question.